Grain & Cereal Crops

• Hard red spring wheat
• Durum wheat
• Barley
• Oats
• Corn
• Lentils and pulses

1. 1

   Diversify export markets with focus on Asia-Pacific through CPTPP access

2. 2

   Invest in drought-resistant varietals and precision agriculture technologies

3. 3

   Expand pulse and specialty crop production for plant-based protein demand

4. 4

   Advocate for grain transportation regulatory reform to improve throughput

5. 5

   Develop value-added grain processing capacity domestically

Grain and cereal trade under CUSMA is largely duty-free, with Canada being a major net exporter. However, US farm subsidy programs and crop insurance create an uneven competitive playing field that pressures Canadian grain prices. Phytosanitary requirements and grade classification disputes periodically disrupt specific grain shipments at border inspection points.

Prairie grain production faces increasing climate volatility, with drought and extreme weather events reducing yield predictability. Rail transportation capacity constraints during harvest periods create bottlenecks that delay export shipments. Port capacity at Vancouver and Thunder Bay limits throughput during peak shipping seasons.

Canada is the world's largest durum wheat exporter and a top-five wheat exporter overall. Competition from Australia, the EU, and Black Sea producers intensifies in global markets. Canadian grain commands premiums for consistent quality and food safety standards in Asian and European markets.